The best time to prepare for the end of a boom is while it still feels permanent. Korea’s artificial intelligence (AI)-memory surge is lifting exports, profits, and tax revenue. It has also given the government a rare chance to finance the technologies that could lead the next cycle. The proposed Future Response Fund can help, but only if it is designed with a clear purpose. The fund’s size, financing structure and investment priorities remain unsettled. Those choices will go through interagency consultation and National Assembly review. That makes the current moment important. Once programs and beneficiaries are fixed, they become difficult to change. Because the fund may serve several national priorities, its industrial investment window should be identified separately, with clear objectives and public reporting. Otherwise, broad social and regional goals could make it hard to tell whether technology spending is strengthening Korea’s productive capacity. The question is straightforward: What should the fund do that existing budgets, policy banks and private firms are unlikely to