What begins as a mild fever can, in rare but serious cases, escalate into a life-threatening condition within days. Hantavirus, a rodent-borne disease, has gained worldwide attention for its rapid progression and high mortality rate when not treated promptly. Even though there are no cases at present in India, experts say it is always good to understand how this infection develops, and how to recognize early warning signs – so that you may be well prepared for any eventuality.

Also read:Hantavirus vs COVID-19: One Deadlier, One More Contagious - Experts Explain

Hantavirus refers to a group of viruses primarily spread through contact with infected rodents, their urine, droppings, or saliva. Humans typically become infected by inhaling virus particles that become airborne when contaminated areas are disturbed, such as during sweeping or cleaning.

The initial symptoms of hantavirus infection often resemble common viral illnesses, making early detection challenging. These include:

Some patients develop a severe condition known as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome which causes breathlessness

According to doctors, within 3 to 7 days after initial symptoms become visible, some patients may also develop a severe condition known as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS). This phase is marked by shortness of breath, persistent cough, tightness in the chest, and rapid heartbeat.

Fluid begins to accumulate in the lungs, making breathing increasingly difficult. Patients often require hospitalization, and in severe cases, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) becomes necessary.

Hantavirus triggers an intense immune response in the body. Instead of directly damaging tissues, the virus causes blood vessels to leak fluid, especially in the lungs. This leads to sudden respiratory failure, which explains the rapid deterioration seen in patients.

Even though the hantavirus infections are relatively rare, certain groups are more vulnerable:

There is currently no specific cure or widely available vaccine for hantavirus, making prevention essential. Here are key safety measures:

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